Reorientasi Peran Frontline Supervisor: Pelatihan Kepemimpinan untuk Penguatan Disiplin Kerja di PT Kayaba Indonesia
- 1*,2 Politeknik Ketenagakerjaan
* Corresponding Author: Rut Gloria Anugrah
Open AccessAbstract
This community service program was conducted at PT Kayaba Indonesia to address disciplinary problems among production operators, including tardiness, non-compliance with personal protective equipment use, and violations of break-time rules. The program aimed to strengthen the capacity of frontline supervisors to manage team discipline through an educative-participatory approach based on contextual leadership training. Activities included needs identification, material development, interactive classroom training, an initial diagnosis of leadership styles, and evaluation through observation and reflective discussion, involving 50 production supervisors. Results showed that most participants tended toward a transactional leadership style, while disciplinary enforcement remained reactive and target-oriented. The program raised participants' awareness of their strategic role in shaping subordinates' work behavior. These findings point to the need for follow-up actions, including ongoing coaching, integration into the performance management system, and the development of employee communication mechanisms, so that discipline enforcement becomes a consistent and sustainable part of the organizational system.
Keywords
How to Cite
References
- Anggraena, E., Adinata, U. W. S., Adang, A., Djuhara, D., & Arby, R. R. (2024). The influence of leadership and work discipline on employee performance. Majalah Bisnis & IPTEK. https://doi.org/10.55208/5pqdfg96
- Awais-E-Yazdan, M., Hassan, Z., Spulbar, C., Birau, R., Mushtaq, M., & Bărbăcioru, I. C. (2023). Relationship among leadership styles, employee's well-being and employee's safety behavior: An empirical evidence of COVID-19 from the frontline healthcare workers. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 36(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2023.2173629
- Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall.
- Barkat, W., Waris, I., Ahmed, R., & Dad, M. (2023). Transformational leadership and frontline managers work engagement, innovative work behavior, organizational citizenship behavior, and employee sustainability in the hotel industry in Pakistan. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 23(3), 315–336. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332845.2024.2282217
- Batse, S. A. (2025). Examining the impact of supervisor support on employee performance. Dama Academic Scholarly Journal of Researchers. https://doi.org/10.4314/dasjr.v10i3.2
- Boehme, L. A., Russ-Eft, D. F., Rovens, J., & Rovens, A. (2023). HR managers stereotyping frontline managers. International Journal of Training and Development. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijtd.12304
- Çekmecelioğlu, H. G., Özcan, M., Balkaş, J., & Çam, F. B. C. (2025). Transformational or transactional? A comparison of the effects of leadership styles on firm performance and innovation in the Turkish work environment. SAGE Open, 15(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440251367515
- Chen, S.-W. M., & Peng, J.-C. (2021). Determinants of frontline employee engagement and their influence on service performance. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 32(5), 1062–1085. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2018.1505764
- Ejumudo, T. F., Akpubi, R. O., & Ejumudo, K. B. O. (2025). Discipline and employees productivity in the Delta State civil service. Journal of Scientific and Legal Studies, North-Eastern University, Gombe. https://doi.org/10.64290/jsls.v1i1.6
- Fathoni, A. (2009). Organisasi dan manajemen sumber daya manusia [Organization and human resource management]. Rineka Cipta.
- Helmy, I., & Setyawati, H. A. (2025). The impact of transformational leadership on frontline employees' thriving in the hotel industry. Tourism and Hospitality Management. https://doi.org/10.20867/thm.32.1.4
- Irai, P., Arrowsmith, J., & Junaid, F. (2025). Frontline leadership in a distal employment relationship: A qualitative psychological contract perspective. Labour & Industry, 35(1), 80–97. https://doi.org/10.1080/10301763.2025.2513112
- Jan, I. U., & Ji, S.-R. (2024). Relationships among supervisors' authentic leadership, ostracism, perceived supervisor's trust and commitment to customer services: Evidence from frontline service employees of small stores. SAGE Open, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241252488
- Katz, I. M., Rauvola, R. S., Rudolph, C. W., & Zacher, H. (2022). Employee green behavior: A meta-analysis. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2260
- Knowles, M. S., Holton, E. F., III, & Swanson, R. A. (2015). The adult learner: The definitive classic in adult education and human resource development (8th ed.). Routledge.
- Kotzé, T., & Mostert, P. (2025). A store-level analysis of frontline employees as enhancers of store loyalty. Service Business, 19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11628-025-00589-z
- Lee, S.-H., Hur, W.-M., & Shin, Y. (2022). Struggling to stay engaged during adversity: A daily investigation of frontline service employees' job insecurity and the moderating role of ethical leader behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 184, 281–295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-022-05140-y
- Lencioni, P. (2002). The five dysfunctions of a team: A leadership fable. Jossey-Bass.
- Loudoun, R., Biggs, A., Robertson, A., Townsend, K., & Troth, A. (2024). Supervisor-worker relationships and the work environment: Development and validation of a construction specific measure. Safety Science, 177, Article 106587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106587
- Luo, Z., Ma, E., & Li, A. (2021). Driving frontline employees performance through mentorship, training, and interpersonal helping: The case of upscale hotels in China. International Journal of Tourism Research. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2447
- Maxwell, J. C. (2005). The 360° leader: Developing your influence from anywhere in the organization. Nelson Business.
- Maxwell, J. C. (2011). The 5 levels of leadership: Proven steps to maximize your potential. Center Street.
- Mehner, L., Rothenbusch, S., & Kauffeld, S. (2025). How to maximize the impact of workplace training: A mixed-method analysis of social support, training transfer and knowledge sharing. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 34(2), 201–217. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2024.2319082
- Miller, L. S. (2023). Change management practices for frontline supervisors: A modified Delphi study. CORALS Journal of Applied Research. https://doi.org/10.58593/cjar.v1i1.4
- Mustafa, M. J., Hallak, R., Lee, C., & Syed Manshor, S. S. B. (2024). Leaders' coaching behaviors and the emotional exhaustion of hotel frontline supervisors: Examining the serial mediating effects of taking charge and work engagement. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 23(3), 386–412. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332845.2024.2335096
- Prinsloo, H., & Hofmeyr, K. B. (2022). Organisational culture, frontline supervisory engagement and accountability, as drivers of safety behaviour in a platinum mining organisation. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 20. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v20i0.1705
- Sari, D. K., Yudiarso, A., & Sinambela, F. (2021). Work engagement and innovative work behavior: Meta-analysis study. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Psychological Studies (ICPSYCHE 2020). https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210423.053
- Schepers, J., & van der Borgh, M. (2020). A meta-analysis of frontline employees' role behavior and the moderating effects of national culture. Journal of Service Research, 23(3), 255–280. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670520918669
- Schwatka, N. V., Goldenhar, L. M., Johnson, S. K., Beldon, M. A., Tessler, J., Dennerlein, J. T., Fullen, M., & Trieu, H. D. (2019). A training intervention to improve frontline construction leaders' safety leadership practices and overall jobsite safety climate. Journal of Safety Research, 70, 253–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2019.04.010
- Shulga, L., Busser, J. A., & Molintas, D. H. R. (2024). Hospitality front-line employees: A meta-analysis of emotion management at work. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 66(2), 172–195. https://doi.org/10.1177/19389655241249605
- Sijbom, R., Koen, J., Peijen, R., & Preenen, P. (2025). The impact of workplace changes and supervisor support on employee learning: A nonlinear perspective. Human Resource Development International, 28(4), 518–542. https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2024.2401302
- Sinelnikov, S., Prentice, E. A., & Bryant, C. S. (2023). Supervisor training. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 65(10), 858–867. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000002924
- Sundstrup, E., Dyreborg, J., Frost, A. D., Seeberg, K. G. V., Andersen, L. L., & Clausen, T. (2025). Barriers and facilitators of implementing workplace interventions supporting young workers' safety, work environment and health: A scoping review of qualitative and mixed-method studies. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-025-10313-3
- Sutrisno, E. (2009). Manajemen sumber daya manusia [Human resource management]. Kencana.
- Van Simaeys, H., Mannaerts, L., Serraes, B., & Clays, E. (2025). Evaluating the impact of a participatory organizational intervention on reducing occupational stress in an emergency department setting: A one group pretest-posttest design. BMC Public Health, 25(1), Article 2480. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23540-3
- Wei, L., Duraipandi, O., Junyi, L., Biao, L., & Li, S. (2024). The impact of employee discipline on organization performance. International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering. https://doi.org/10.22399/ijcesen.3728
- Zincume, P., Jooste, J. L., & Van Aken, E. V. (2023). Determinants of front-line supervisor effectiveness in engineering team-based organizations. Engineering Management Journal, 36(3), 319–335. https://doi.org/10.1080/10429247.2023.2267938
- Zoughaib, A., Achi, S., Dirani, A., & Hejase, H. (2021). The predominant factors affecting frontline employees' engagement: Case of the Lebanese service sector. Journal of Business Theory and Practice, 9(2), 37. https://doi.org/10.22158/jbtp.v9n2p37
Author Biographies
-
Rut Gloria Anugrah, Politeknik Ketenagakerjaan
Program Studi Relasi Industri, Politeknik Ketenagakerjaan, Kota Jakarta Timur, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, Indonesia
-
Langga Lagandhy, Politeknik Ketenagakerjaan
Program Studi Relasi Industri, Politeknik Ketenagakerjaan, Kota Jakarta Timur, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, Indonesia
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Rut Gloria Anugrah, Langga Lagandhy

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open-access journal. All articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Under this license, you are free to:
- Share: Copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
- Adapt: Remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
Attribution Requirements:
You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
Copyright and Retention:
Authors retain copyright without restrictions and grant this journal the right of first publication under an open-access model. The journal retains non-exclusive publishing rights for archiving, indexing, and scholarly dissemination.
Usage Statistics
Similar Articles
- Analisis Cost Benefit pada Edukasi Penerapan Konsep 5S Produksi Mukena di Konveksi Roemah Dia Widiyarini Widiyarini , Uki Aulia Rosalina , Surya Perdana · Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): DECEMBER 2025
- Sosialisasi Perlindungan Hukum bagi Guru dalam Menjalankan Tugasnya di Kota Bandar Lampung Mashuril Anwar , Besti Lilyana , Dinda Anna Zatika , Yuniwati · Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): DECEMBER 2024
- Peningkatan Kompetensi Digital SDM melalui Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi untuk Mendukung Produktivitas Kerja Fatimah Malini Lubis , Dian Ariani , Mustika Mustika , Indra Ismayudi Tanjung , Liasulistia Ningsih · Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): DECEMBER 2026
- Strategi Mengelola Beban Kerja Menggunakan Infografis di DPRD Kota Palembang Itryah , Najalina Velis Firdaus · Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): AUGUST 2025
- Legalization and Leadership Strengthening of Karang Taruna Anjereuw: A Participatory Model for Youth Development Hepi Hastuti , Jelita Purnamasari , Rahmah Agustiani , Andi Masse Dadang · Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): DECEMBER 2025